In harbor water, the hydrocarbons pollution identification represents an important issue. Hydrocarbon presence derives from oil spills, for instance in bilge water, or it may come from industrial discharge. A prompt identification of oil presence is crucial for living beings and for the maintenance of a healthy marine environment. Both crude oil and fuels contain different fluorophores that under ultraviolet radiation exhibit a strong fluorescence which varies in intensity and hue. Fluorescence results mainly from the emission of aromatic hydrocarbons. Indeed, fluorescence spectroscopy is a widely used technique for characterization of oil samples.