The synthesis of nanoparticles of CdTe within a polymer film has been illustrated. The CdTe QDs have been obtained by thermal decomposition of two precursors embedded within the polymeric matrix before the thermal annealing. The formation of the CdTe QDs is studied by optical and structural techniques. The optical analysis showed the formation of CdTe QDs of 3–3.6 nm and with an emission photoluminescence included in the 550–650 nm region. The X-ray diffraction confirms the presence of nanocrystals of CdTe.