The β-alanyl-l-histidine dipeptide (carnosine) has been shown to act as an intracellular pH buffering molecule, Zn/Cu ion chelator, antioxidant and anticrosslinking agent. Its presence in the central nervous system is beneficial as it is able to counteract protein accumulation and proteotoxicity involved in neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Molecular studies have accomplished numerous approaches for biological and chemical interventions against amyloid disorders. Avoiding self-assembly of the Aβ peptide is an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here, we attempt to join notions on the structural properties of proteins in the amyloid state with published data about the carnosine direct impact on the dynamics of AD-related fibril formation. Spectroscopic techniques, as well as AFM, TEM, thermally induced unfolding analysis, and molecular dynamics have been exploited in order to assess and …